PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS II SD SARASWATI 3 DENPASAR
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh karakteristik pembelajaran tematik dan karakteristik perangkat pembelajaran tematik yang valid, praktis dan efektif yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa. Perangkat yang dikembangkan terdiri dari buku siswa dan buku petunjuk guru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah design research. Subjek penelitian adalah guru dan siswa kelas II SD Saraswati 3 Denpasar. Dengan subjek penelitian masing-masing tahap adalah tahap preliminary research guru dan 10 siswa kelas II A, tahap prototyping stage siswa kelas II B, dan tahap assessment phase siswa kelas II C. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar validasi buku siswa, buku petunjuk guru (mengukur validitas kontruk), lembar pengamatan keterlaksanaan perangkat pembelajaran, angket respons siswa, angket respons guru (mengukur kepraktisan) dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah (mengukur efektivitas). Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diolah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran matematika yang dikembangkan berada pada kategori valid. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba yang dilakukan, diperoleh bahwa perangkat pembelajaran telah memenuhi aspek kepraktisan terlihat dari: 1) keterlaksanaan pembelajaran tergolong praktis; 2) perangkat pembelajaran ditinjau dari respons siswa tergolong praktis; dan 3) respons guru terhadap perangkat pembelajaran kategori sangat praktis. Perangkat pembelajaran ini juga telah memenuhi aspek keefektifan terlihat dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah kategori baik. Karakteristik pembelajaran dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran matematika yang dikembangkan antara lain: 1) pembelajaran diawali dengan mengenalkan siswa fenomena dan masalah real; 2) memberikan kebebasan berpendapat; 3) membangkitkan interaksi sosial dan rasa percaya diri siswa; serta 4) penggunaan lelucon serta bernyanyi bersama saat pembelajaran berlangsung. Selain hal tersebut, buku siswa yang dihasilkan memiliki karakteristik: 1) Memberikan siswa pengalaman menggunakan alat peraga, 2) mengarahkan siswa berpikir kreatif, 3) penyajian materi diawali dengan fenomena dan masalah real yang terjadi disekitar siswa, 4) memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk memikirkan berbagai alternatif solusi dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan. Sedangkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika yang berupa buku petunjuk guru memiliki karakteristik: 1) praktis dalam penggunaan dan 2) menggunakan bahasa yang jelas, logis, dan sistematis.
Kata Kunci : pembelajaran tematik SD, kemampuan pemecahan masalah
This study is aimed at obtaining characteristics of thematic learning and of characteristics of thematic learning tools that is valid, practical and effective which can improve the student’s skill in solving mathematics problems. Tools developed consist of student’s book and teacher's Guide book. This study is design research. The subject of the research is the teacher and 2nd grade students of SD Saraswati 3 Denpasar. With the research subject of each stage is the stage of preliminary research for teachers and 10 students of II A grade students, stage of prototyping phase for II B grade students, and stage of the assessment phase for II C grade students. Data collected using the validation sheet of students book, teacher's Guide book (measuring the validity of construct), the observation sheet of learning process devices, questionnaire of student’s response, questionnaire of teacher’s response (measuring the practicality) and solving mathematics problems test (measuring effectiveness). Further data obtained processed and analyzed are descriptive. The results showed that the learning of math that was developed is at a valid category. Based on the results of a test carried out, retrieved the learning device have met the practicality aspects is visible from: 1) learning process belongs to the practical; 2) the learning device of observe from students responses are categorized as practical; and 3) response of teachers towards learning device category is very practical. This learning devices has also been fill the aspect of the effectiveness are showed from problem-solving ability in the good category. The characteristics of learning using mathematics learning which developed are: 1) the learning process begins by introducing students to the phenomenon and real problems; 2) giving freedom of speech; 3) stir up social interaction and self-confidence of students; and 4) use of jokes and sing together while learning process. In addition, the student’s book has generated have the characteristics: 1) gives students experience using props, 2) directs students to think creatively, 3) presentation the material beginning with the phenomena and real problems that are happening around the students, 4) gives the opportunity to the students to think of the various alternative solutions in solving the problems. While the mathematics learning device that is teacher's guide book have the characteristics: 1) practical in use and 2) using a language that is clear, logical, and systematic.
keyword : Thematic learning process, solving mathematics problems
Kata Kunci : pembelajaran tematik SD, kemampuan pemecahan masalah
This study is aimed at obtaining characteristics of thematic learning and of characteristics of thematic learning tools that is valid, practical and effective which can improve the student’s skill in solving mathematics problems. Tools developed consist of student’s book and teacher's Guide book. This study is design research. The subject of the research is the teacher and 2nd grade students of SD Saraswati 3 Denpasar. With the research subject of each stage is the stage of preliminary research for teachers and 10 students of II A grade students, stage of prototyping phase for II B grade students, and stage of the assessment phase for II C grade students. Data collected using the validation sheet of students book, teacher's Guide book (measuring the validity of construct), the observation sheet of learning process devices, questionnaire of student’s response, questionnaire of teacher’s response (measuring the practicality) and solving mathematics problems test (measuring effectiveness). Further data obtained processed and analyzed are descriptive. The results showed that the learning of math that was developed is at a valid category. Based on the results of a test carried out, retrieved the learning device have met the practicality aspects is visible from: 1) learning process belongs to the practical; 2) the learning device of observe from students responses are categorized as practical; and 3) response of teachers towards learning device category is very practical. This learning devices has also been fill the aspect of the effectiveness are showed from problem-solving ability in the good category. The characteristics of learning using mathematics learning which developed are: 1) the learning process begins by introducing students to the phenomenon and real problems; 2) giving freedom of speech; 3) stir up social interaction and self-confidence of students; and 4) use of jokes and sing together while learning process. In addition, the student’s book has generated have the characteristics: 1) gives students experience using props, 2) directs students to think creatively, 3) presentation the material beginning with the phenomena and real problems that are happening around the students, 4) gives the opportunity to the students to think of the various alternative solutions in solving the problems. While the mathematics learning device that is teacher's guide book have the characteristics: 1) practical in use and 2) using a language that is clear, logical, and systematic.
keyword : Thematic learning process, solving mathematics problems
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jppm.v4i1.1836
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