Pengembangan Desain Pembelajaran Pengukuran Segitiga dan Segiempat Melalui Teknik Reallotment yang Berorientasi Pendidikan Matematika Realistik
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan desain pembelajaran pada pokok bahasan pengukuran segitiga dan segiempat. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada pengembangan dan peningkatan pemahaman konseptual pengukuran keliling dan luas daerah dengan menggunakan teknik reallotment. Pemahaman konseptual ini merupakan proses transisi dari prinsip konservasi luas daerah menuju penurunan rumus luas daerah segitiga dan segiempat. Penelitian ini menggunakan design research dengan tiga tahapan yang meliputi penelitian awal, implementasi dan analisis retrospektif. Aktivitas pembelajaran disusun berdasarkan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI). Implementasi pembelajaran dilakukan di kelas VII SMP Negeri 6 Singaraja tahun pelajaran 2015/2016. Data terkait dengan aktivitas dan strategi yang digunakan peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang diberikan selama pembelajaran berlangsung dikumpulkan melalui jawaban tertulis peserta didik pada Lembar Aktivitas Siswa (LAS), wawancara dan observasi. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Lintasan pembelajaran yang diperoleh sebagai bagian dari hasil penelitian desain ini memiliki tahapan sebagai berikut: (1) membandingkan luas daerah dua bangun yang tidak teratur, (2) menggunakan konsep konservasi luas daerah serta membedakan keliling dan luas daerah, (3) menggunakan persegi sebagai unit pengukuran, (4) memahami luas persegipanjang dengan unit pengukuran, (5) menggunakan unit pengukuran dalam membandingkan luas daerah, (6) Menurunkan rumus luas daerah segitiga dan segiempat dengan teknik reallotment. Dari hasil yang diperoleh disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran pengukuran segitiga dan segiempat dengan teknik reallotment yang berorientasi pendidikan matematika realistik dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual peserta didik.
Kata Kunci : Teknik Reallotment, Konservasi Luas Daerah, Unit Pengukuran, Pendidikan Matematika Realistik, Design Reserch.
The purpose of the study was to develope learning design on the subject of triangles and rectangles measurement. This study was emphasized on the development and improvement of a students’ conceptual understanding of perimeter and area measurements through the use of reallotment techniques. This conceptual understanding is a transitional process from the principle of conservation of the area to the derivation of formulas of triangles and rectangles area. Design Research was selected as the method of the study, consisting of three steps - the preliminary research, teaching implementation and retrospective analysis. The lesson was planned with the Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI) as the basis. The lesson implementation was carried out at grade VII of SMPN 6 Singaraja in the academic year of 2015/2016. The data, which describes the activities and strategies used by the students to solve the given problem during learning processes, were gathered from students’ worksheets (LAS), interviews and observations. The gathered data were analyzed descriptively. Learning trajectory was obtained as part of the results of design research has the following step: (1) comparing area of the two irregular figure, (2) use the concept of conservation of the area and difference the perimeter and the area, (3) using the square as unit of measurement, (4) understand the rectangle area with the unit of measurement, (5) use a unit of measurement in comparing the area, (6) Proving the formula the area of triangles and rectangles with techniques reallotment. The results showed that the use of reallotment techniques in the lessons on triangular quadrilateral area measurement, with Realistic Mathemathics Education as the basis, were able to improve the students’ conceptual understanding.
keyword : Reallotment Techniques, Conservation of Areas, Units of Measurement, Realistic Mathematics Education, Research Design
Kata Kunci : Teknik Reallotment, Konservasi Luas Daerah, Unit Pengukuran, Pendidikan Matematika Realistik, Design Reserch.
The purpose of the study was to develope learning design on the subject of triangles and rectangles measurement. This study was emphasized on the development and improvement of a students’ conceptual understanding of perimeter and area measurements through the use of reallotment techniques. This conceptual understanding is a transitional process from the principle of conservation of the area to the derivation of formulas of triangles and rectangles area. Design Research was selected as the method of the study, consisting of three steps - the preliminary research, teaching implementation and retrospective analysis. The lesson was planned with the Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI) as the basis. The lesson implementation was carried out at grade VII of SMPN 6 Singaraja in the academic year of 2015/2016. The data, which describes the activities and strategies used by the students to solve the given problem during learning processes, were gathered from students’ worksheets (LAS), interviews and observations. The gathered data were analyzed descriptively. Learning trajectory was obtained as part of the results of design research has the following step: (1) comparing area of the two irregular figure, (2) use the concept of conservation of the area and difference the perimeter and the area, (3) using the square as unit of measurement, (4) understand the rectangle area with the unit of measurement, (5) use a unit of measurement in comparing the area, (6) Proving the formula the area of triangles and rectangles with techniques reallotment. The results showed that the use of reallotment techniques in the lessons on triangular quadrilateral area measurement, with Realistic Mathemathics Education as the basis, were able to improve the students’ conceptual understanding.
keyword : Reallotment Techniques, Conservation of Areas, Units of Measurement, Realistic Mathematics Education, Research Design
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jppm.v5i1.2113
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