KOMPETENSI GRAMATIKAL DAN KOMPETENSI KEWACANAAN SISWA KELAS X SMAN 1 PRAYA (KAJIAN TERHADAP TEKS LAPORAN HASIL OBSERVASI)
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kompetensi gramatikal dan kompetensi wacana pada teks laporan hasil observasi siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X9 SMAN 1 Praya yang berjumlah 25 siswa. Objek penelitian ini adalah kompetensi gramatikal dan kompetensi wacana pada teks laporan hasil observasi. Data penelitian tentang kompetensi gramatikal dan kompetensi wacana dikumpulkan dengan tes membuat teks laporan hasil observasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi gramatikal siswa yang terdapat pada teks laporan hasil observasi sudah sangat baik dengan perolehan skor 89. Perolehan skor tersebut apabila dikonversi ke dalam pedoman konversi skala lima, skor tersebut berada pada predikat sangat baik. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi wacana siswa yang terdapat pada teks laporan hasil observasi juga sangat baik dengan perolehan skor 96,8. Apabila dikonversi menggunakan pedoman konversi skala lima, maka skor tersebut berada pada predikat sangat baik. Penentuan skor kompetensi gramatikal yang terkandung dalam teks laporan hasil observasi, dinilai dari dua kriteria yakni berupa morfologi dan sintaksis. Pada kompetensi morfologi, terdapat aspek pembentukan kata. Pada kompetensi sintaksis, terdapat aspek analisis kalimat berdasarkan struktur fungsi. Adapun penentuan skor dalam kompetensi wacana yang terdapat pada teks laporan hasil observasi siswa ditentukan atas aspek kohesi dan koherensi. Pada aspek kohesi terdapat kohesi leksikal dan kohesi gramatikal. Pada aspek koherensi terdapat kesatuan konsep dan relasi yang relevan, adanya perkembangan, tidak adanya kontradiksi, adanya identitas individual, dan adanya seleksi fakta. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kompetensi gramatikal dan kompetensi wacana pada teks laporan hasil observasi siswa kelas X9 SMAN 1 Praya sudah sangat baik. Berdasarkan simpulan ini, disarankan agar guru-guru bahasa Indonesia dalam usaha meningkatkan kompetensi menulis siswa agar dipertahankan dan jika mungkin ditingkatkan lagi.
Kata Kunci : kompetensi gramatikal, kompetensi wacana, teks laporan hasil obeservasi
This study aims to determine and describe the grammatical competence and the competence of the discourse on the text of the report on the observation of students. This research is quantitative descriptive. Subjects were students of SMAN 1 Praya X9 class numbering 25 students. The object of this study is the grammatical competence and the competence of the discourse on the text of the report on the observation. Data research on grammatical competence and discourse competence collected with assays create text reports on the results of observation. Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the students' grammatical competence contained in the text of the report on the observation has been very good with the acquisition of a score of 89. The scores Obtaining when converted into a five-star scale conversion guidelines, the scores are in very good predicate. The results also showed that the competence of student discourse contained in the text of the report on the observation was also very good with the acquisition of a score of 96.8. When converted using a five-scale conversion guidelines, then the scores are in very good predicate. Scoring of grammatical competence contained in the text of the report on the observation, judged on two criteria in the form of morphology and syntax. On the competence of morphology, there are aspects of word formation. On syntactic competence, there are aspects of the analysis of the sentence based on the structure function. As for the scoring in the competence of the discourse contained in the text of the report on the observation of students determined on aspects of cohesion and coherence. In the aspect of cohesion there is cohesion lexical and grammatical cohesion. In the aspect of coherence there is unity of concepts and relationships that are relevant, their development, the absence of contradiction, their individual identity, and their selection of facts. Based on these findings, we can conclude that grammatical competence and the competence of the discourse on the text of the report on the observation X9 grade students of SMAN 1 Praya has been very good. Based on this conclusion, it is suggested that Indonesian teachers in an effort to improve students' writing competence to be maintained and if possible improved.
keyword : grammatical competence, discourse competence, text reports of observation
Kata Kunci : kompetensi gramatikal, kompetensi wacana, teks laporan hasil obeservasi
This study aims to determine and describe the grammatical competence and the competence of the discourse on the text of the report on the observation of students. This research is quantitative descriptive. Subjects were students of SMAN 1 Praya X9 class numbering 25 students. The object of this study is the grammatical competence and the competence of the discourse on the text of the report on the observation. Data research on grammatical competence and discourse competence collected with assays create text reports on the results of observation. Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the students' grammatical competence contained in the text of the report on the observation has been very good with the acquisition of a score of 89. The scores Obtaining when converted into a five-star scale conversion guidelines, the scores are in very good predicate. The results also showed that the competence of student discourse contained in the text of the report on the observation was also very good with the acquisition of a score of 96.8. When converted using a five-scale conversion guidelines, then the scores are in very good predicate. Scoring of grammatical competence contained in the text of the report on the observation, judged on two criteria in the form of morphology and syntax. On the competence of morphology, there are aspects of word formation. On syntactic competence, there are aspects of the analysis of the sentence based on the structure function. As for the scoring in the competence of the discourse contained in the text of the report on the observation of students determined on aspects of cohesion and coherence. In the aspect of cohesion there is cohesion lexical and grammatical cohesion. In the aspect of coherence there is unity of concepts and relationships that are relevant, their development, the absence of contradiction, their individual identity, and their selection of facts. Based on these findings, we can conclude that grammatical competence and the competence of the discourse on the text of the report on the observation X9 grade students of SMAN 1 Praya has been very good. Based on this conclusion, it is suggested that Indonesian teachers in an effort to improve students' writing competence to be maintained and if possible improved.
keyword : grammatical competence, discourse competence, text reports of observation
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