Realisasi Kesantunan Berbahasa antara Siswa dan Warga Sekolah Lainnya di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mendeskripsikan realisasi kesantunan berbahasa antara siswa dan siswa, siswa dan guru, serta siswa dan pegawai di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja dan (2) mendeskripsikan kendala-kendala yang dialami oleh siswa dan warga sekolah lainnya di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja dalam dalam merealisasi kesantunan berbahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa, guru, dan pegawai di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja yang ditentukan dengan teknik accidental sampling, sedangkan objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah kesantunan berbahasa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode observasi dan metode wawancara. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) realisasi kesantunan berbahasa antara siswa dan siswa di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja belum baik karena terdapat 11 tuturan yang melanggar kaidah-kaidah maksim, baik maksim kesantunan Leech maupun maksim kerja sama Grice; (2) realisasi kesantunan berbahasa antara siswa dan guru di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja belum baik karena terdapat 11 tuturan yang melanggar kaidah-kaidah maksim kesantunan Leech maupun maksim kerja sama Grice; (3) realisasi kesantunan berbahasa antara siswa dan pegawai di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja juga belumditerapkan dengan baik karena ada satu dari 22 tuturan yang melanggar maksim, yaitu maksim kualitas; serta (4) terdapat delapan kendala yang dialami oleh siswa, guru, dan pegawai di SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja dalam merealisasi kesantunan berbahasa, yaitu sudah terbiasa menggunakan bahasa sehari-hari yang cenderung kurang mematuhi teori kesantunan; adanya pengaruh dari teman; kurangnya penguasaan kosa kata yang santun; gugup berbicara dengan santun; kurangnya lingkungan yang mendukung untuk berbahasa dengan santun; susah berbicara santun dengan orang yang kali pertama diajak bertemu; sikap yang acuh tak acuh dengan orang yang diajak berbicara; serta kadang membuat penutur kesulitan menyampaikan sesuatu. Dengan demikian, peneliti menyarankan kepada guru dan pegawai hendaknya membimbing para siswa agar mereka memahami kesantunan dalam berbahasa.
Kata Kunci : realisasi kesantunan berbahasa, maksim kesantunan Leech, maksim kerja sama Grice, kendala-kendala, tuturan siswa, guru, dan pegawai
This study intended to (1) describe the realization of polite speech between students and students, students and teachers, and students and staff of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja; (2) describe obstacles experienced by students and other school communities of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja which is defined by accidental sampling, meanwhile the object of this study was polite speech. Method which is used to analyze data was descriptive analysis method. Findings of this study showed that (1) realization of politeness in speaking among the students of SMA N 3 Singaraja is not good enough. There were 11 utterances of 59 utterances researcher analyzed that violate the rules of maxims of Leech politeness and Grice cooperation; (2) realization of politeness between students and teachers of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja is not good enough. There were 11 utterances of 88 utterances researcher analyzed that violates the rules of maxims of Leech politeness and Grice cooperation ; (3) realization of politeness in speaking between the students and staff of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja is also not good enough because there are some irregularities of maxim in speech that violates the maxim of quality which is based on the teory of Grice; and (4) There were eight obstacles experienced by students, teachers and staff of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja in realizing politeness of speaking that is familiarity in using daily language which is not appropriate with the theory of politeness; influence of fellow; limitation of maintaining politeness vocabularies; nervousness of polite speech; lack of supporting environment to speak politely; difficulty in speaking politely to people for the first meeting; indifference towards people who are talking with; and sometimes makes speakers hard to convey something. Therefore, researcher suggests teachers and staffs to guide the students to comprehend politeness in speaking.
keyword : The realization of polite speech, maxim of Lech politeness, maxim of Grice Cooperation, obstacles, utterance of students, teachers and staff
Kata Kunci : realisasi kesantunan berbahasa, maksim kesantunan Leech, maksim kerja sama Grice, kendala-kendala, tuturan siswa, guru, dan pegawai
This study intended to (1) describe the realization of polite speech between students and students, students and teachers, and students and staff of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja; (2) describe obstacles experienced by students and other school communities of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja which is defined by accidental sampling, meanwhile the object of this study was polite speech. Method which is used to analyze data was descriptive analysis method. Findings of this study showed that (1) realization of politeness in speaking among the students of SMA N 3 Singaraja is not good enough. There were 11 utterances of 59 utterances researcher analyzed that violate the rules of maxims of Leech politeness and Grice cooperation; (2) realization of politeness between students and teachers of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja is not good enough. There were 11 utterances of 88 utterances researcher analyzed that violates the rules of maxims of Leech politeness and Grice cooperation ; (3) realization of politeness in speaking between the students and staff of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja is also not good enough because there are some irregularities of maxim in speech that violates the maxim of quality which is based on the teory of Grice; and (4) There were eight obstacles experienced by students, teachers and staff of SMA Negeri 3 Singaraja in realizing politeness of speaking that is familiarity in using daily language which is not appropriate with the theory of politeness; influence of fellow; limitation of maintaining politeness vocabularies; nervousness of polite speech; lack of supporting environment to speak politely; difficulty in speaking politely to people for the first meeting; indifference towards people who are talking with; and sometimes makes speakers hard to convey something. Therefore, researcher suggests teachers and staffs to guide the students to comprehend politeness in speaking.
keyword : The realization of polite speech, maxim of Lech politeness, maxim of Grice Cooperation, obstacles, utterance of students, teachers and staff
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