PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN STARTER EXPERIMENT APPROACH DAN ADVANCE ORGANIZER TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI DAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) apakah terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar biologi dan keterampilan berpikir kritis antara kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan starter experiment approach dan advance organizer, (2) apakah terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar biologi antara kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan starter experiment approach dan advance organizer; (3) apakah terdapat perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis antara kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan starter experiment approach dan advance organizer.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar tahun pelajaran 2011/2012 yang berjumlah sembilan kelas, sedangkan sampelnya adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 5, XI IPA 6, XI IPA 7, dan XI IPA 8. Data yang dikumpulkan dari penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar biologi dan keterampilan berpikir kritis  pada pokok bahasan sistem pencernaan dan sistem pernapasan. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif dan MANOVA. Uji komparasi rata-rata hasil penelitian diuji dengan LSD pada taraf signifikansi 5%.

Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh : (1) terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar biologi dan keterampilan berpikir kritis antara kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan starter experiment approach dan advance organizer (F hitung sebesar 58,398 pada taraf signifikansi 5%), (2) terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar biologi antara kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan starter experiment approach dan advance organizer (F hitung sebesar 61, 762 pada taraf signifikansi 5%); dan (3) terdapat perbedaan keterampilan berpikir kritis antara kelompok siswa yang belajar dengan starter experiment approach dan advance organizer (F hitung sebesar 52,142 pada taraf signifikansi 5%). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan SEA lebih baik dari pada AO dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar biologi dan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Sehingga disarankan agar para guru menerapkan model pembelajaran tersebut dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar biologi dan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa.

Kata Kunci : Starter Experiment Approach, Advance Organizer, Hasil Belajar Biologi, Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis

ABSTRACT

This research aimed to find out : (1) is there any difference of biology learning outcomes and critical thinking skill among group of students which learn with starter experiment approach and advance organizer; (2) is there any difference of biology learning outcomes among group of students which learn with starter experiment approach and advance organizer; (3) is there any difference of critical thinking skill among group of students which learn with starter experiment approach and advance organizer.

This research was kind of quasi experiment with pretest-posttest control group design program. The population of this research were students of XI IPA class SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar in the academic year 2011/2012 with nine classes in total, while the sample were students of XI IPA 5, XI IPA 6, XI IPA 7, and XI IPA 8 class. The data which collected from the research were the result of biology learning outcomes and the result of critical thinking skill in digestion system and respiration system. The research data was analyzed by descriptive analysis and MANOVA.  The average of comparative test was tested by LSD at 5% significant level.

Based on the result of the analysis, obtained: (1) there was a difference biology learning outcomes and critical thinking skill among group of students which learn with starter experiment approach and advance organizer (F count was 58,398 at 5% significant level); (2) there was a difference biology learning outcomes among group of students which learn with starter experiment approach and advance organizer (F count was 61.762 at 5% significant level); (3) there was a difference critical thinking skill among group of students which learn with starter experiment approach and advance organizer (F count was 52.142 at 5% significant level). Therefore, it can be concluded that learning by SEA is better than AO in increasing biology learning outcomes and critical thinking skill of students.  Thus, it is suggested for the teachers to apply that kind of learning model in increasing concept understanding of biology and critical thinking skill of students.

Key Words : Starter Experiment Approach, Advance Organizer, biology learning outcomes, critical thinking skill.